NRM 101
(3 Credits) Fall
Natural Resources Conservation and Policy (3+0)
Concepts, management practices and issues/concerns associated
with the
conservation of natural resources; natural and social science
aspects of
resource conservation and policy; resource commentaries and discussion
sessions provide opportunities for developing a personal philosophy
related
to natural resources. Majors in all fields welcome. (Prerequisite:
Placement
in ENGL 111.) (back)
NRM 102 (1-2
credits) Fall, Spring
Practicum in Natural Resources Management
Practical experience in natural resources management. Supervised
individual
study on a farm, in a greenhouse, managed forest, agency or business,
or
another approved location. (Prerequisites: Natural Resource Management
majors only and permission of instructor.) (back)
NRM 106 (1 Credit)
Spring
Orientation to Natural Resource Management (1+0)
Overview of career opportunities in natural resources. Includes
discussions
with research faculty and upper class students involved in various
aspects
of resource management issues. (back)
NRM 122 (3 credits)
As Demand Warrants
Food Facts, Fads and Consumer Choices (3+0)
Consideration of the food supply and its safety, available alternatives
in
the marketplace and applied basic nutrition as it relates to food
choices
and health. (back)
NRM 204 (3 Credits)
Spring
Natural Resources Legislation and Policy (3+0)
Background on selected federal lands management legislation and
agency
policies affecting resources conservation, development, and preservation.
(back)
NRM 211 (3 Credits) Fall
Introduction to Applied Plant Science (2+3)
Basic principles and requirements for plant growth and development
with
special attention to the production and management of field and
greenhouse
grown crops. (Prerequisite: A basic course in the subject area.)
(back)
NRM 212 (3 Credits)
Spring
Greenhouse Management (3+0)
The greenhouse as a controlled environment for research, education
and
commercial production of plants; the physical environment; environmental
controls and monitors; plant cultivation techniques and crop scheduling
useful in plant science and commercial production. (Prerequisite:
Permission
of instructor.) (back)
NRM 215 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Plant Propagation (2+3)
Principles and practices of plant propagation useful in horticulture,
botany, forestry, agronomy, revegetation projects and plant research.
Emphasis on both macro- and micropropagation (tissue culture)
of Alaska
native plants by seeds, spores and vegetative propagules such
as cuttings.
(Prerequisite: NRM 211 or permission of instructor. Next offered:
1998-99.) (back)
NRM 251 (4 credits)
Spring
Silvics and Dendrology (3+3)
Addresses ecological requirements and characteristics of tree
species of the
Northern Forest and western North American forest; silvical characteristics
including range, climate, soils, shade tolerance, growth, and
principal
enemies. Family and species characteristics for identification
on sight or
with a key. Field trips required. Laboratory fee: $20.00. (Prerequisites:
BIOL 105, 106 and 271 or permission of instructor.) (back)
NRM 277 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Introduction to Conservation Biology (3+0)
(Same as BIOL 277)
Introduction to the basic ecological, genetic, management, legal,
and
historical developments in conservation biology and focused efforts
to
manage biological diversity resources, with a status review of
important
habitats and endangered species. (Prerequisites: BIOL 105, 106.
Next
offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 290 (2 Credits) Spring
Resource Management Issues at High Latitudes (0+6)
Broad perspective of high latitude resource management issues.
On-site
analyses of resource management needs, opportunities, and/or conflicts
in
the industries of: agriculture, forestry, mining, seafood, petroleum,
recreation, and tourism. Includes 10 day field trip. Students
must provide
own sleeping gear, rain gear, and hiking boots. Students must
be able to
hike forest trails and camp under conditions of inclement weather.
May be
repeated for credit with instructor's permission. Materials fee:
$150.00-175.00. (Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.) (back)
NRM 300 (1-6
Credits) Fall, Spring, Summer
Internship in Natural Resources Management
Supervised pre-professional experience in a business or agency
(public or
private). Open to students majoring or minoring in natural resources
management only. Course may be repeated for credit up to a maximum
of 6
credits. (Prerequisites: NRM 101, junior standing, 3.0 gpa, permission
of
instructor, and an approved internship plan.) (back)
NRM 303X (3
Credits) Spring
Environmental Ethics and Actions (3+0) h
Exploration of the history of modern Western views of the relationship
between people and nature, alternative foundations for an environmental
ethic (utilitarianism, spiritual activity, rights-based, and respect-based
ethics) and practices of such ethics in business, profession,
and general
lifestyle today. (Prerequisite: Junior standing or permission
of
instructor.) (back)
NRM 304 (3 Credits)
Fall
Perspectives in Natural Resources Management (3+0)
Analysis of philosophical/ethical, economic, scientific, and political
foundations of diverse natural resource management perspectives.
(Prerequisites: NRM 101, COMM 131X or 141X, junior standing or
permission of
instructor.) (back)
NRM 310 (3 Credits) Fall
Agricultural Concepts (3+0)
Food and fiber origins are traced through world production techniques
and
use patterns to show how components of the agricultural industry
(government, multinational corporations and consumers) are affected
by and
can affect policy, production, marketing and end-products. (Prerequisites:
BIOL 105, 106.) (back)
NRM 312 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Introduction to Range Management (3+0)
Applied ecological treatment of soil, plant and grazing animal
relationships
on uncultivated lands. Origin of the discipline, management practices,
important rangelands of North America; emphasis on Alaska's rangelands
and
grazers. (Prerequisites: BIOL 105, 106, BIOL 239 or permission
of
instructor; NRM 320, 321 recommended. Next offered: 1998-99.)
(back)
NRM 313 (4 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Introduction to Plant Pathology (3+3)
Plant pathology; non-parasitic and parasitic causes of plant diseases;
methods of plant infestation and mechanism of plant defenses;
epidemiology
and disease control. (Prerequisites: BIOL 105, 106; BIOL 239 recommended.
Next offered: 1998-99.) (back)
NRM 320 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Introduction to Animal Science (2+3)
Origin, history, and economic significance of breeds of dairy
and beef
cattle, swine, sheep, and poultry. Discussion of reindeer, bison,
and
musk-ox. Management and production systems with special reference
to Alaska.
(Prerequisite: A course in general biology. Next offered: 1998-99.)
NRM 321 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Applied Animal Nutrition (2+3)
Application of feeding standards and feedstuffs analysis to the
nutrition of
farm animals. Comparative anatomy of the digestive system of pig,
horse, and
cow. (Prerequisite: A course in general biology. Next offered:
1997-98.) (back)
NRM 338 (3 credits) Fall
Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (2+3)
(Same as GEOG 338)
Geographic data concepts including mapping systems, data sources,
editing
data, GIS analysis and computer mapping. Introduction to Global
Positioning
Systems. GIS applications in natural resources management. Materials
fee:
$35.00. (Prerequisite: Knowledge of PC's or unix workstations
desirable.) (back)
NRM 340 (3 Credits)
Spring
Natural Resources Measurement and Inventory (2+3)
Techniques and instrumentations used to measure and inventory
natural
resources, including land, timber, range, wildlife, water, and
recreation
resources. (Prerequisite: Junior standing or permission of instructor.
(back)
NRM 341 (4 Credits)
Spring
GIS Analysis (3+3)
(Same as GEOG 341)
GIS analysis of natural resources including spatial query, attribute
query,
vector, grid, image, topographic and network analysis techniques.
(Prerequisite: NRM 338.) (back)
NRM 365W (3
Credits) Spring
Principles of Outdoor Recreation Management (2+3)
Theories, practices, economics, and problems fundamental to the
use of land
and related natural resources for recreation. (Prerequisite: Junior
standing
or permission of the instructor.) (back)
NRM 370 (3 Credits)
Fall
Introduction to Watershed Management (2+3)
The hydrologic cycle and the influence of land management techniques
on
water quantity, quality, and timing. Water yield, soil erosion
and non-point
pollution, snowpack management, and land use alternatives. (Prerequisites:
NRM 101 and GEOS 101 or permission of instructor.) (back)
NRM 375 (3 Credits)
Fall
Forest Ecology (2+3)
Basic forest ecology concepts including work on the physical (wind,
temperature, water, etc.), biotic (population and community dynamics),
genetic and successional and landscape dynamics and how this basic
information can be used in development of wise management plans
for forest
ecosystems. (Prerequisite: NRM 251.) (back)
NRM 380W (3
Credits) Fall, Spring
Soils and the Environment (2+3)
Soil development and classification; physical and chemical properties;
biological activity; water movement and nutrient cycling in natural
and
manipulated ecosystems. (Prerequisite: CHEM 105.) (back)
NRM 400 (3 Credits)
Fall
Fisheries Science (3+0)
(Same as FISH 400)
The subject of fishery science is reviewed to reflect the emerging
concept
of a study area integrated over a broad sweep of disciplines:
oceanography,
limnology, marine biology, fish population dynamics, aquaculture,
economics,
processing, product quality and development, and marketing. Demonstrates
how
such different subjects have feedback loops to one another and
stresses the
science fundamentals involved. Laboratory fee: $10.00. (Prerequisite:
one
200-level biology class. Corequisite: STAT 200 [STAT 373-J].)
NRM 401 (3 Credits)
Fairbanks, Spring
Fisheries Management (3+0) Juneau, Alternate Fall
(Same as FISH 401)
Principles, concepts and techniques of fisheries management in
terms of
their biological, economic, social and political aspects. Topics
are
stocking and introductions, habitat manipulation, sustainable
yield,
regulation, management organizations and their responsibilities.
Examples of
several fisheries are used to clarify concepts and practices.
(Prerequisite:
BIOL 271. Next offered Juneau: 1998-99.) (back)
NRM 404 (3 Credits)
Spring
Processes of Natural Resources Decision Making (3+0)
Analysis of decision-making models and evaluation criteria within
the
institutional and social constraints of federal and state agencies.
(Prerequisites: NRM 101 and sophomore standing.) (back)
NRM 405W (2
Credits) Fall, Spring
Senior Thesis in Natural Resources Management (2+0)
Problem-solving with emphasis on writing and analysis. Individual
project
under the guidance of faculty sponsor involving formulation of
a question in
natural resources management and preparation of a formal, comprehensive
written report. Must be repeated for a maximum of 4 credits. (Prerequisites:
NRM core, senior standing, senior thesis orientation workshop,
or permission
of instructor.) (back)
NRM 407 (3 Credits)
Spring
Environmental Law (3+0)
The role of common law theory in regulatory, statutory, and constitutional
interpretation in the field of environmental protection, including
air and
water pollution, toxic/hazardous substances, and land-use regulation.
(Prerequisite: Junior or senior class standing or permission of
instructor.)
NRM 412 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Field Crop Production (3+0)
Agronomic principles and practices involved in the production,
storage,
marketing, and utilization of field crops. (Prerequisite: NRM
211. Next
offered: 1998-99.) (back)
NRM 420 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Animal Nutrition and Metabolism 3+0)
Nutrition and metabolism of domestic animals; ruminant and monogastric.
(Prerequisites: CHEM 105, 106; biochemistry recommended. Next
offered:
1997-98.) (back)
NRM 425 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Ungulate Management and Production Systems (2+3)
Functional biology of large herbivores (ungulates) and the management
of
world's grazing systems. Production strategies (cropping, herding
ranching,
and farming) as they pertain to productive and/or commercial management
of
wild ungulates with emphasis on Alaska's species. Laboratory presents
specific examples with guest lecturers, films, and an introduction
to
modeling of grazing systems. (Prerequisites: BIOL 105X-106X and
a wildlife
or animal science course or permission of instructor. Next offered:
1997-98.) (back)
NRM 430 (3 Credits)
Fall
Resource Management Planning (3+0)
Application of planning and conflict resolution principles to
natural
resource management. Examination of plans prepared in response
to current
Alaskan resource disputes, including wolf, brown bear, boreal
forest, and
recreation river plans. Includes public involvement, consensus
building, the
basic steps in the planning process, and two 3-hour resource dispute
simulations. Students review several resource management plans
and work in
teams to develop a plan for a local resource management issue.
(Prerequisite: Upper division standing.)
NRM 431 (3 Credits)
Spring
Wildlife Policy and Administration (3+0)
(Same as WLF 431)
Study of laws and agencies shaping wildlife management in North
America.
History and current status of major policy issues. Organization
of and
funding sources for state and federal programs in wildlife conservation.
(Prerequisite: A 3 credit course in wildlife management principles
or
permission of instructor.) (back)
NRM 438 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Arc Macro Language GIS Programming (3+0)
(Same as GEOG 438)
Arc macro language. Programming of pop-up menus and tools for
GIS editing,
display, and analysis. (Prerequisite: NRM 338 or equivalent. Next
offered:
1998-99.) (back)
NRM 450 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Forest Management (3+0)
Forest land management for production of goods and services; relation
of
timber production to other forest land uses. Sustained yield,
allowable cut,
information needs, valuation, decision making. (Prerequisites:
NRM 251, 340,
ECON 235 (or equivalent), or permission of instructor. Next offered:
1998-99.) (back)
NRM 451W (3
credits) Alternate Spring
Silviculture (2+3)
Examines biological, environmental, and silvicultural considerations
essential for successful regeneration and maintenance of boreal
and western
North American forests. For persons in land management, including
timber,
woodlot, wildfire habitat, streamside, aesthetics. Provides intense
look at
science and art of forest stand management. Involves considerable
critical
writing. Field trips required. (Prerequisites: NRM 251, BIOL 271,
junior
standing or permission of the instructor. Next offered: 1998-99.)
NRM 452 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Forest Protection (3+0)
Principles and practical management systems for protection from
fire,
insects, and diseases. Factors in managing forest ecosystems,
problems and
techniques important in high latitude forests, especially in Alaska.
(Prerequisites: BIOL 105, 106, 271, BOT 239; NRM 251 or instructor's
permission. Next offered: 1998-99.) (back)
NRM 453 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Harvesting and Utilization of Forest Products (2+3)
Manual and mechanized timber harvesting systems including timber
cutting,
yarding, and transport processes. Technology of processing wood
into various
products including lumber, plywood, veneer, pulp, and energy.
(Prerequisites: NRM 101 and 251 or permission of instructor. Next
offered:
1997-98.) (back)
NRM 461 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Interpretive Services (3+0)
Naturalist and other visitor programs in outdoor recreation areas:
philosophy, planning, and development of interpretive programs;
resources,
agencies, users, interpretive media, and program evaluation. (Prerequisite:
Junior standing or permission of instructor. Next offered: 1997-98.)
(back)
NRM 462 (3 Credits)
Fall
Alaskan Environmental Education (3+0)
(Same as ED 462)
Utilization of the environment inside and outside the formal classroom
in
all subject areas. Curriculum materials (K-12), interpretive and
audiovisual
aids, problem solving, and applications to situations from the
public
schools to summer camps, short courses, and workshops for individuals
of any
age. (Prerequisite: Junior standing or permission of instructor.)
NRM 463 (3 Credits)
Fall
Wilderness Concepts (3+0)
(Same as NRM 663 and GEOG 463 and 663)
Discovery of wilderness concepts, including the history and evolution
of
wilderness thought, the contemporary meaning of wilderness, and
survey of
economic and noneconomic wilderness values for individuals and
society. (back)
NRM 464 (3 Credits)
Spring
Wilderness Management (3+0)
(Same as GEOG 464)
Wilderness ecology and land management practices on lands designated
as
wilderness. Plus, visitor management regimes are analyzed. Both
national and
international views of wilderness are presented. (Prerequisite:
A basic
course in ecology, resource management, or permission of instructor.)
(back)
NRM 465 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Outdoor Recreation Planning (3+0)
Allocations of natural resources for recreational purposes, including
concomitant services. Macrobehavioral patterns influencing the
allocation
process. (Prerequisites: NRM 101 and ECON 235 or equivalent, or
permission
of instructor. Next offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 480 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Soil Management for Quality and Conservation (3+0)
Managing soil in disturbed and natural ecosystems to reduce soil
losses and
maintain or improve soil quality. Methods for maintaining soil
quality,
preserving soil against loss from erosion, remediating contaminated
soil,
and reclaiming degraded soils discussed. (Prerequisite: NRM 380.
Next
offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 485 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Soil Biology (3+0) n
Major groups of organisms in the soil and their interrelationships;
the
major biological processes which take place in the soil and their
significance to soil productivity, plant growth, and environmental
quality;
and methodology for studying soil organisms and soil biological
processes.
(Prerequisites: A course in biology or microbiology and a course
in soils or
permission of instructor. Next offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 601 (3 Credits)
Fall
Research Methods in Natural Resources Management (3+0)
Introduction for graduate students to the research methods as
employed in
the various fields of resource management, including agriculture,
forestry,
ecology, and social sciences. Designed to acquaint students with
the
relationship between theory and research, the nature of scientific
inquiry,
the approaches to research, the sequence of steps involved in
scientific
investigation, and the presentation of research results. (Prerequisites:
Graduate standing or permission of instructor.) (back)
NRM 625 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Advanced Ungulate Management and Production Systems (2+3)
Functional biology of large herbivores (ungulates) and management
of the
world's grazing systems. Production strategies (cropping, herding,
ranching,
and farming) as they pertain to productive and/or commercial management
of
wild ungulates with emphasis on Alaska's species. Laboratory presents
an
introduction to flow charting, types of models, model design using
various
software, construction of a productive grazing system model, compiling
a
written report to explain the system designed. (Prerequisite:
BIOL 105X or
106X and a wildlife or animal science course and permission of
instructor.
Next offered 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 630 (3 Credits)
Spring
Resource Planning: Principles and Practices (3+0)
In our complex world, resource planning and conflict go hand in
hand.
Managers find themselves caught between opposing groups and planning
has
become the forum for developing resource management agreements
between the
often angry stakeholders. Thus, the principles of mediation and
conflict
resolution have become an essential part of planning. Course should
enhance
the student's ability to analyze a resource management dispute,
improve the
climate for a good settlement, and successfully mediate an agreement.
Students take part in several dispute simulations and prepare
a detailed
case study of a plan for a wildlife, river, forest, or other resource
management issue. (Prerequisite: NRM 430 or equivalent.) (back)
NRM 631 (3 Credit)
As Demand Warrants
Resource Planning Practicum (3+0)
Application of principles and processes through group projects
focused on
Alaska land or resource problems. (Prerequisite: NRM 630 or permission
of
instructor.) (back)
NRM 637 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Natural Resource Policy (3+0)
(Same as ECON 637)
Resource policy issues development and implementation including
forestry,
mining, fisheries, oil, wildlife and other topics as demand warrants.
Focus
on policy issues involved in management of Alaska's resources.
(Prerequisite: Graduate standing or permission of instructor.
Next offered:
1998-99.) (back)
NRM 640 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Simulation and Modeling in Resource Management (3+0)
Introduction to and discussion of the use of simulation and modeling
in
natural resource management. Emphasis on concepts, strategies,
and case
studies. (Prerequisite: Graduate standing or permission of instructor.
Next
offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 641 (4 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Natural Resource Applications of Remote Sensing (3+3)
Application of remote sensing for inventory and analysis of natural
resources. Topics include aerial photography applications and
digital remote
sensing, including image display, rectification, classification
and accuracy
assessment. (Prerequisite: NRM 338 or equivalent. Next offered:
1997-98.) (back)
NRM 651 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Advanced Silviculture (3+0)
Examines biological and environmental aspects of silviculture;
addresses
stand manipulation from the 'silvicultural system' approach and
includes
regeneration, vegetation management, stand tending, 'harvest'
with
considerations for bioadversity, 'old-growth,' wildlife habitat,
and timber
production. Ecological classification, landscape management, preharvest
silvicultural prescriptions will be addressed. Must be able to
participate
in one weekend field trip. (Prerequisites: Consent of instructor
and
graduate student standing. Next offered: 1998-99.) (back)
NRM 663 (3 Credits)
Fall
Wilderness Concepts (3+0)
(Same as NRM 463 and GEOG 463 and 663)
Discovery of wilderness concepts, including the history and evolution
of
wilderness thought, the contemporary meaning of wilderness, and
survey of
economic and noneconomic wilderness values for individuals and
society. (back)
NRM 665 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Advanced Outdoor Recreation (3+0)
Evaluation of contemporary outdoor
recreation management models and the
linkage between management programming and visitor response. Development
of
a synthesized model and testing with contemporary problems. (Prerequisite:
Graduate standing. Next offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 670 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Biometeorology (3+0)
Radiation balance, energy balance relationships for natural and
modified
surfaces; physical environment in relation to biology and ecology
of plants
and animals; implications for resource and environmental management.
(Prerequisites: Biological or physical science background and
graduate
standing or permission of instructor. Next offered: 1997-98.)
(back)
NRM 672 (2 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Dynamics of Nitrogen in Forest Ecosystems (2+0)
Consideration of the state and dynamics of nitrogen in the complete
forest
ecosystem, including its basic chemistry, measurement techniques,
functions,
component partition, and changes in these features with forest
disturbances.
(Prerequisites: Graduate status in natural resources management,
wildlife-fisheries, biological sciences, or permission of instructor.
Next
offered: 1998-99.) (back)
NRM 675 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Theoretical Forest Ecosystem Science (3+0)
Theoretical concepts of forest ecosystem dynamics including theoretical
developments in the description of plant growth, ecosystem productivity,
decomposition, and plant carbon allocation. Development of a model
using the
basic theoretical constructs. (Prerequisites: Undergraduate major
in
biological sciences or renewable resources including at least
one course in
ecology, one approved college-level mathematics course and graduate
standing
or permission of instructor. Next offered: 1997-98.)(back)
NRM 678 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Ecosystem Management (3+0)
Ecosystem Management addresses the current concepts being debated
and used
to manage renewable resources. Students will, through reading,
discussion,
and written exercises, develop understanding and applications
of the concept
as well as draft definitions. Class sessions will involve lecture
and
discussion. (Prerequisites: B.S./B.A. with basic biology, wildlife,
natural
resources, forestry background, or demonstrated knowledge; seniors
with
permission of instructor only; public with knowledge/experience
only;
permission of instructor. Next offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 681 (3 Credits)
Alternate Spring
Natural Area Protection and Management (3+0)
An examination of the emergence of programs to identify, protect,
and
maintain natural diversity and natural areas as a major factor
in public and
private resource management in the U.S. and Canada. Topics will
include
conservation biology principles, evolution and operating principles
of
natural area programs, natural area data management, natural area
system
administration. (Prerequisites: Basic biology [including genetics],
introductory ecology, plant or animal systematics or taxonomy,
introductory
chemistry. Next offered: 1997-98.) (back)
NRM 685 (3 Credits)
Alternate Fall
Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry (3+0)
In-depth examination of several (4-5) current topics in soil microbiology
and biochemistry. Based on readings from the primary literature
and
discussions in class. Each student will be expected to lead at
least one
discussion, write a research proposal, and present the proposal
to class.
(Prerequisites: at least one course in soil science and one course
in
microbiology or permission of instructor. Next offered: 1998-99.)
(back)
NRM 692 (1 Credit)
Fall, Spring
Graduate Seminar (0+0+1)
Topics in natural resources management explored through readings,
student
presentations, group discussions, and guest speakers; high level
of student
participation. (Prerequisite: Graduate standing or permission
of
instructor.) (back)
NRM 693
Environmental Mediation
In our complex and increasingly crowded world, resource management and conflict go hand in hand. Many managers find themselves working increasingly as mediators between opposing groups. It is therefore important for those entering or working in this field and for those who may oppose some management decisions to be aware of the basic concepts of conflict resolution. This course is designed to introduce these concepts and give participants an opportunity to practice them in dispute simulations. The objectives of the course are to increase awareness of the importance of the process in which disputes are negotiated, to offer some guidelines that can improve the climate for a good settlement, and to enhance the participants own negotiating and mediating skills. The seminar will include readings, discussions, guest lectures and simulations. (back)